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1.
International Journal of Environmental Research. 2011; 5 (4): 939-950
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-122646

ABSTRACT

There is a need to analyze and map rainfall erosivity to assess soil erosion at the regional scale. The objectives of this study were to develop a regional model to estimate seasonal erosivity from seasonal rainfall data and to study temporal and spatial distribution of rainfall erosivity for the Gorganrood drainage basin in the northeast of Iran. Six gauging stations with a high temporal resolution [15 min] and eleven monthly totals stations located into the study area have been used. Regression models for pluviograph stations indicated that storm rainfall explained 22-51% of the variation in storm erosivity. But, at the seasonal scale, the explained variation increased to 62-86% and modified coefficient of efficiency increased from 0.12-0.29 to 0.38-0.64. Also, the results of ANOVA showed that EI[30] values have significant difference between autumn/ summer seasons and winter/spring seasons. Interpolation surfaces were created from all 17 stations seasonal values using the local polynomial algorithm. The results showed, during the wet season, erosivity varied from 438 Mj/mm/h [west] to 1015 Mj/ mm/h [Middle]. But, in the dry season, values of erosivity wrere lower than from values in wet season and the highest values were at the middle parts of the study area and the lowest were at the eastern and the western parts of the study area. Our findings provide good guidance to integrate pluviograph and pluviometric data for rainfall erosivity assessment in regional scales, where short duration rainfall intensity data, usually are not available


Subject(s)
Soil , Ecological and Environmental Phenomena
2.
IJM-Iranian Journal of Microbiology. 2010; 2 (4): 189-193
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-113286

ABSTRACT

Pigeons are extensively kept for homing and racing purposes in Iran. The main objective of this study was to investigate dissemination of M. avium subsp. avium [MAA] in pigeon aviaries in Tabriz, North-western Iran. Postmortem pathologic specimens from thirty-nine out of 140 birds collected from private flocks [n = 3], were subjected to bacterial culture out of which 3-4 mycobacterial isolates were recovered. Applying a five-PCR diagnostic algorithm targeting short but definitive stretches of 16S rRNA and RV0577 genes, IS6110, IS901 and IS1245 genomic loci, proved all the isolates were MAA. They were either IS901+/IS1245+ [n = 22] or IS901+/IS1245- [n = 12]. When four healthy cattle sensitized against Mycobacterium bovis AN5 and Mycobacterium avium D4 were tuberculinated, the results confirmed the observed skin reactions against bovine tuberculin in animals sensitized with M. avium were large enough to complicate test interpretation. We believe the extent of such epidemiological impact deserves further investigation if progress in control of bovine tuberculosis is intended

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